In  Jami` at-Tirmidhi (A)  the Chapters On Al-Fitan Sa'eed bin Jumhan narrated:

"Safinah narrated to me, he said: 'The Messenger of Allah(s.a.w) said: "Al-Khilafah will be in my Ummah for thirty years, then there will be monarchy after that."' Then Safinah said to me: 'Count the Khilafah of Abu Bakr,' then he said: 'Count the Khilafah of 'Umar and the Khilafah of 'Uthman.' Then he said to me: 'Count the Khilafah of 'Ali."' He said: "So we found that they add up to thirty years." Sa'eed said: "I said to him: 'Banu Umaiyyah claim that the Khilafah is among them.' He said: 'Banu Az-Zarqa' lie, rather they are a monarchy, among the worst of monarchies."' Abu Eissa Said that Omar and Ali mentioned: that the Succession matter was not known to our prophet Muhammad,  .  

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Grade : Hasan (Darussalam) narrated by many ,but still known of  Saeed Bin Jumhan . The Hadith is corrected by AlAlbani (B) and said  :Corrected by Ibn Taymiyyah,Shaikh Al-Islam  in a base for him saved in AlDhaheria Library handwritten by him as  a draft (S 81 / 2-84 / 2),he said in the beginning of it : (It’s a famous Hadith narrated by Hammad ibn Salamah and Abdul Waris Bin Saeed ibn Jahman said Safinah, mawlaa- person of slave origin- our prophet Muhammad,  .   Narrated by AlSunnah people like Abi Daood (C) and others.

 

Imam Ahmad and others depended on this Hadith in reporting the succession of the four Righteous Caliphs and affirmed by Imam Ahmed who quoted by this Hadith on who stops in the succession of Ali when people was Separated in teams about it until Ahmed said: »Who has not consort and stayed   when Ali was In the succession he is considered more astray than his family donkey». And he forbade his Marriage from Muslim women , also its agreed on it among Islamic jurists and the Sunnah Scientists …. The death of our prophet Muhammad,  .   Was  in Raby' al- Awal ,  11 A.H and to thirteen years after  it was the reform of the son of our prophet Muhammad,  .   AlHassan Bin Ali  who was the Master between two groups of believers  when he decided to abandon the leadership in Jumadi ALAkher in the  year 41 A.H. That year which  was called the year of the union -Aam alJama'ah-when the people-the Muslim community -  came together and agreed to recognize Muawiya as Calipha after Ali , who was the first of Kings. In the Hadith came  : O Bashir b. Sa‘d! Have you memorized a narration of the Messenger of Allah (SAW) regarding the rulers (al-umara’)? Hudhayfah replied: I am memorizing his [SAW] sermon (khutbatahu). So Abu Tha‘labah sat down and Hudhayfah said: The Messenger of Allah (SAW) said: The Prophethood will remain amongst you (fi-kum) as long as Allah wills that it remain and then he will remove it when He intends to remove it. Then (thumma)  there will be the Khilafah upon the way of the Prophethood (‘ala minhaj al-nabuwwah) and it will continue as long as Allah wills it to continue and then he will remove it when He intends to remove it. Then there will be a harsh rule (mulkan ‘addan)  and it will continue as long as Allah wills it to continue and then he will remove it when He intends to remove it. And then there will be a coercive rule (mulkan jabriyyatan) and it will continue as long as Allah wills it to continue and then he will remove it when He intends to remove it. Then there will be the Khilafah upon the way of the Prophethood (‘ala minhaj al-nabuwwah) and [the Prophet (SAW)] kept silent (sakata).(D) (E)

 

 Sahih al-Bukhari » Book of Judgments (Ahkaam)

 

 

Narrated Jabir bin Samura:

I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) saying, "There will be twelve Muslim rulers (who will rule all the Islamic world)." He then said a sentence which I did not hear. My father said, "All of them (those rulers) will be from Quraish." (F)

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AL-Haafiz Ibn Hajar  quoted from  Judge Ayad the joining of the previous two hadiths,  he mentioned several sayings about the twelve Khalifa I will include "Briefly” a number of it , which is considered the most powerful . And for those who are seeking more they must return to the origin. AlHafiz said (A) : Judge Ayad summarized this when said : regarding this number there are two questions to be asked ,  the first one is opposing Safinah saying :  {Al-Khilafah will be in my Ummah for thirty years, then there will be monarchy after that} Because  during the thirty years there was only  the four caliphs and the days of AlHassan Bin Ali . The second question,  is the succession  persisted more than this number mentioned . said: and the answer to the first question ;  that he was referring in Safinah narration as « the succession of Prophecy » Constrained in the narration of Jabir Bin Samrah , and the answer to the second question , (( he did not say not more than twelve  calipha will follow )) but said L(twelve ) and history showed the number of caliphs was 12 ,but that does not means that it was increased and said : if we referred to this number or term  to every caliph was, the real Wali –ruler-Nor is likely to represent whom worthy to be Calipha from the  Justice imams .as four of them has ruled and that is a must for this number to be completed by twelve before the Hour of Resurrection. Also its properly that the meaning of ((twelve)) the period of the  pride and the strength of the Caliphate of Islam and the integrity of its affairs, and the gathering on who will be the Ummah Calipha ,supported by the saying : »All of them gather the nation- Ummah «.and this was found when people gathered  in Bani Ummaiyah –Umayyad-until the disorder and disturbance occurred which led to Fitna. In the era of Al-Walid Bin Yazeed  and lasted till the  Abbasid Caliphate who they Eradicated them .

 

This number is true if Considered said: and there is the potentially of another meaning only Allah know his prophet intention. end. Ibn Al-Jawzi said in his book (kashif Almoshkil –Revealing the problem – I prolonged the search for the meaning of this Hadith and asked about , the first part of it pointing to what will come after him and his companions and that  his judgment is linked  to his companions judgment . He told about the regime after him as he was pointing to number of caliphs of the Umayyad, as if to say religion still –it means the succession- until twelve of the Caliphs will rule, then will go to another level more severe of the first. The first of Umayyad was Yazid bin Muawiya  and the last of them  Marwan the donkey who was number thirteen. Muawiya, Othman Ibn al-Zubayr, does not count because they are Companions of our prophet peace be upon him , so if we exclude Marwan bin Al-Hakam due to the controversy for being from Sahaba of the prophet ,or because he was conqueror after people gathered on Abdullah Bin AlZubair.  When Umayyad Caliphate ended out as  Fitna occurred and many of the great epics, until it settled in the state of Bani Abbas, where  the circumstances has changed from what it was .and said : Endorses this what  narrated by Abu Dawood Narrated Abdullah ibn Mas'ud:

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The Prophet (ﷺ) said: The mill of Islam will go round till the year thirty-five, or thirty-six, or thirty-seven; then if they perish, they will have followed the path of those who perished before them, but if their religion is maintained, it will be maintained for seventy years

 

Tabaraani and AlKhatabi added (Just what was ago? Said: yes ALKhatabi said: The mill of Islam A metaphor for the war compare to mill that grind the seeds were lives are damaged and he meant by religion in his saying: (if their religion is maintained, it will be maintained for seventy years) the supreme power or authority said:  it may be an indirect reference to the duration of the Umayyad in authority and the transferring to Bani Abbas ,so  the stability of the

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Umayyad leadership and the appearance of weakness in it, some of the seventy years .I said: what annoy is that the stability of the Umayyad when people gathered on Muawiya in the year of 41 A.H till the Umayyad state receded and the killing of Marwan Bin Mohammed in the beginning of 132 A.H is more than 90 years .

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Then quoted from AL-Khatib Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi that he said: (The mill of Islam will go round) as to say that this period if expired, something will happen to Islamic people that led to  great fear and its perdition. we call the thing if changed and become impossible –its mill rounded ) –and said :and in this a reference to the detraction of their Succession. And his saying (but if their religion is maintained) means their authority  starts from the time people gathered for Muawiya till the Umayyad state receded about 70 years. Ibn Al jawzi said: This Interpretation is supported by what Tabarani narrated from Abdullah Ibn Amr ibn al-Aas narrated : (if twelve of Bani Ka’ab bin Loai took possession of authority there will be AlNaqf w AlNeqaf till Day of Judgment ; resurrection. ) End.

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And said the ALNaqf  which is a break in the top of the head ,and Alnaqf and alneqaf is a Metonymy of killing and fighting . This is supported by the saying of Jabir Bin Samrah: (( then there will be a confusion )) –and his saying ((of Bani Ka’ab bin Loai)) indicate that they will be from Quraish because Loai is the son of Ghalib bn fahr and they are originally from Quraish . and we might understand from him also that that there might be others belong to outside of Quraish . that have a reference to  AL-Qahtani mentioned in the book of Fitna  ...Said: The third intent : That there will be  twelve calipha in all the period of Islam to the Day of Resurrection ,judging by the truth even if there days were against them . as supported by Mussaddad in his Great Musnad that Aba Aljalad told: (this nation will not be perish until the twelve caliphas works with guidance and the religion of truth, among them two men from the Household of Muhammad one of them will live forty years and the other thirty years ) .and with this the meaning of (there will be a confusion) that means the Fitna that will announce the Day of Resurrection. from the appearance of the Antichrist and the Gog and Magog - Yaʾjūj wa-Maʾjūj) until the expiration of this world.  In here the words of  Ibn al Jawzi finished 

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And as said its clear that the third intent as supported by the judge is logic especially when he said : (All of them people will gather on ) means all of them –the people -will give them  Bay'ah /Oath of allegiance.) and what happened that most of Muslims gathered for Abu Bakr, then Omar and Othman and Ali until conflict between the two parties happened and people gathered to Muawiya for Bay'ah, then gathered around him again when a reconciliation of

Al-Hasan .Then they gathered for his son Yazeed , as Al-Husain was killed before being chosen as calipha . (A)

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Then when Yazeed died dissension happened until people gathered for Abd AlMalik Bin Marwan after the murder of Ibn AlZubair then they gathered for his four sons , Al-Waleed Suliman and then Yazeed, then Hisham and between Suliman and Yazeed there was Omar Bin Abdulaziz

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Those are the seven after the Righteous Caliphs, and the  twelfth was Al- Walid ibn Yazid Bin abd Al-Malik as people gathered to give him the Bayaa when his unkel Hisham Died , he stayed in Al wilaya –as calipha for four years before they killed him , and since then sedition deployed and circumstances changed , and people did not gathered on one calipha till the first calipha of Bani Al-Abbas ,Abu Al-Abbas Alsafah -The slaughterer-who did not stay for long due to the presence of huge number of people who revolted against him.

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Then his brother Al-Mansour was Calipha and he stayed for a long period until the far Morocco broke away, and AlMarwanieen have power or authority over Al -Andalus , for a period until it was called Caliphate. After that the caliphate was disintegrated in most of the countries and nothing left from the authority of the Islamic Caliphate state and its power.

And what is appearing from the saying ( The mill of Islam rounds ) that it will lasts on integrity, which starts from the beginning of the Prophetic Mission till the death of Omar in Dhul Hijja  in the year 24 A.H .if we added to that twelve years and six months since Al Bi`thah  , the period will be thirty five years and 6months , So that is all the time prophetic period and the period of the two Caliphs after wards ,supported by Huzaifa Hadith that indicates that the Security door from  sedition will be brock with the  killing of Omar, and it was as mentioned. And when he said in the rest of al-Hadith :( then if they perish, they will have followed the path of those who perished before them, but if their religion is maintained, it will be maintained for seventy years). It means the expiry of their ages, as the period will be seventy years. If we start it from the year 30A.H after 6 years of Othman being caliphate. as from the start of speakill of him until his murder there was 6 years from being caliphate.

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Upon the expiration of the seventy years was left no one of the companions were left. This seems to me the meaning of this Hadith, when said »Shall be after me Twelve Calipha « this hadith might have the fact of posteriori, and as a fact all men ruled as Calipha in that era starting from ALSiddiq to Omar Bin Abdul Aziz were fourteen. Two of them their leadership was not valid and their period was short, Muawiyah Bin Yazeed and Marwan bin AlHakam  and the rest are twelve Caliphas as our prophet peace be upon him told us . The death of Omar bin Abdulaziz years was in 101 A.H ,  as circumstances changed beyond, and the first century passed which was considered the best century. Regarding his saying ((people gathered for them)) this trait has not lost  for the caliphs’ except for Al- Hassan bin Ali and Abdullah bin Zubair with the validity of their mandates, and  judging who differ in their opinion with them with for being right until ALHassan gave up his wilaya and AlZubair murder. Knowing that most things were in times these twelve caliphs’ were regular except in the period of some of them not to mention their integrity which was untouchable. (A)

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I said: otherwise was stated. Some historians also said the advanced third interpretation for Ibn ALjawzi, and they counted them as twelve. Al imam al suyuti commented on this Hadith , after referring to the statements of Judge Ayyad and Ibn al Jawzi and Ibn Hajar, said , I said: Based on this, it has been found from  the twelve caliphs’ the four Righteous Caliphas ,Al-Hassan and Muawiya also Ibn ALZubair and Omar Bin Abdul Aziz as a total they eight,and potentially to combine them  with AlMahdi of the Abbasids who is similar to Omar Bin Abdul Aziz in Umayyad, as well as ALTahir who is known for his justice and the seconed  expected one of them ALMahdi because he will be from the family of Muhammad,  .  (B)

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I said : The two expected might be  who are mentioned in the hadith reported by ALMusaddad in his Big Musnad through Abi Bahr that Abi jeld narrated : (this nation will not be perish until the twelve caliphas works with guidance and the religion of truth among them two men from the Household of Muhammad one of them will live forty years and the other thirty years). Hafiz Ibn Hajar said quoting from Ibn Al-Jawzi on this the saying of ((there will be a confusion) that means the Fitna that will announce the Day of Resurrection. from the appearance of the Antichrist and the Gog and Magog - Yaʾjūj wa-Maʾjūj till the end of life). ©

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I said: It has recounted the difficulty of combining more than one of the Mentioned imams, and not one of the previous saying is considered conclusive argument to the other, However, the self might be inclined to one of them a little more. I think and Allah knows that what is mentioned by Al-Suyuti probably the closest to the truth and Allah knows.

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(A) (Sunan al-Tirmidhi  No. 4/2226).

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(B) Sunan al-Tirmidhi, 2/245, a Silsilat  No. 460.

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(C) (Sunan Abu Dawud No. 4646 ,.4647).

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(D) Narrated by Imam Ahmad in AlMusnad , 4/273 –Corrected by AlAlbani in the Silsilat No.5 )

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(E) Silsilat 1/200 in Hadith  derivation No.460

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(F)  No. 7223 ALFatih  13/21 said ALHafiz AlAsqalani It has been narrated on the authority of Jabir b. Samura who said:I joined the company of the Prophet (ﷺ) with my father and I heard him say: This Caliphate will not end until there have been twelve Caliphs among them. The narrator said: Then he (the Holy Prophet) said something that I could not follow. I said to my father: What did he say? He said: He has said: All of them will be from the Quraish.

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(G) Fatah Bari Sharh Sahih Bukhari 13 / 212-215.

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(H) Therefore he was not mentioned by the author with the caliphs.

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(I) Fatah al Bari be sharh Sahih Bukhari 13 / 212-215.

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(K) Al Jamea lakam al Quran ll- alQurtobi 16/322.

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(L) Tahqiq Mawaqef alSahaba mn al fitna 2/342.