(1) Al MuSTA'SIM BI'LLAH

640-656 (2)

لَقَبُهُ المُسْتَعْصِـمُ بِـاللهِ 
وَبَعْدَهَا مَاتَ قَلِيْلاً، وَ اسْتَتَمْ

إِذْ أَضْرَمَ التَّتَارُ في الأَسَاسِ(4)
عَادَتْ رَزَايَاهَا عَلى بَغْدَادِ 
وَمَاْ يَمُرُّ عَبْرَهَاْ فَهْوَ عِبَرْ
وَمَنْ عَصَىْ فَهْوَ مُهَانٌ وَشَقِيْ
يَوْمَ الحِسَابِ رَحمَةً في الآخِرَهْ

أَتَىْ أَبُوْهُ أَحمَدْ عَبْـدُ اللهِ 
عَشْرَةُ أَعْوَامٍ وَسِتَّةٍ حَكَـمْ(3) 
بِقَتْلِهِ حُكْمُ بَنيْ العَبَّاسِ 
وَعَمَّتِ اِلفِتْنَةُ في العِبَادِ
وَهَكَذَاْ الدُّنْيَا سُرُوْرُهَا كَدَرْ
وَالفَوْزُ فِيْهَا مِنَّـةٌ لِلْمُتَّقِـيْ 
مَنْ يَزْرَعِ اِلصَّلاحَ يحْصُدْ ثمَرَهْ​

Dinar Al Musta'sim bi'llah

Year of mint: 645 A.H | |Place of Mint: Madiant Alsalam |Wt:11.04 |Diameter:26.5ml

Obv.

          There is no diety except 
          (the one) God alone 
          He has no equal

          Al Musta'sim bi'llah

          Amir al-Mu'minin  Nasrallah

 

Marginal Legend:

-In The Name of God. This dirham was struck in al-Madinat AlSalam in five  and fourty and   six hundred.

-To God is the will before and after and on that day the believers shall rejoice in God's victory

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​

Rev.

        Alhamdu Lilah
        Muhammad
        The Messanger of
        God

Marginal Legend:

Muhammad is the messenger of God. He sent him with guidance and the true religion to reveal it to all religions even if the polytheists abhor it.

(1) He is Abu Ahmad A'bdu'llah  bin Mansur bin Mustanair bi'llah bin Muhammad Ad dahir bi amri'llah Bin Ahmid ALNasir le din Allah bin AlHassan Al Mustadhi Bi Allah  bin Yousif al Mustanjid bi'llah bin Muhammad ALMuktafi bin ALfadhl AlMustarshid bin Ahmid u'l Mustadhir Billah Abdullah AlMuktadi BiAmir Allaha bin Muhammad bin Abdullah alkaim biamir Allah bin Ahmid bin Jaafar almuqtadir bin ahmid almua’tadid bin  Talha almuwafaq bin Jaafar almutawakil bin Muhammad almua’tasim ibn Harun ArRashid bin Muhammad almahdi bin ALMansur Alabbasi.

 

(2) He was acknowledged Caliph on the death of his father in Friday the 10th of Jumada II,640 a.h (albedaia w alnehaia 13/159) and was rolled in a carpet and trampled  to death in a massacre, Wedenesday the 14th of Safar 656a.h(albedaia w alnehaia 13/204) .In that year Tatars took  over Baghdad, killing more people and it was the end of  the Bani Abbas dynasty.

 

(3) The duration of his reign lasted fifteen years, eight months and some days . His age when died was fourty six years and four months. (albedaia w alnehaia - the beginning and the end 13/205)

 

(4) Ibn Kathir may Allaah have mercy upon him states: In the beginning of the year 656, When the Tartars descended on the city of Baghdad, led by the sultan of Tatar Hulaku Khan, the Tartars, 200,000 in number, they entered the city on the 10th of Muharram, in company of two of their rulers who came to prepare the ground for the head of the Tartars, Hulaaku Khan. The ruler of Mosul threw his support behind the Tartars over Baghdad such that he supported them with aids in form of gift items to defeat people of Baghdad, and although the people of Baghdad prepared whats needed to defence their city but as Allah almighty spoke “”Verily! Allah will not change the good condition of a people as long as they do not change their state of goodness themselves (by committing sins and by being ungrateful and disobedient to Allah). But when Allah wills a people's punishment, there can be no turning back of it, and they will find besides Him no protector.””.  Tatars killed whomever they met of men, women and children, young and old. Many people tried to hide in wells, rubbish dumps and sewers, where they stayed for several days. Some people locked themselves in inns and guesthouses, but the Tartars broke into every such house, and chased the people they found there to the roofs where they killed them –and their artillery rained it with a barrage of rocks and naphtha flame and arrows. The Tartars surrounded the house of the Caliph spraying it with darts from all angles such that a slave girl that was playing before the Caliph and who was making him to laugh was hit; the girl was among his concubines, she was a half-caste; her name was Arafah. As she was dancing before the Caliph, an arrow hit her through one of the windows of the house and she fell dead. When the Caliph saw that, he became terrified in a severe manner. The arrow that killed the girl was brought to him and on it was written:

'Whenever Allâh wants to enforce His Decree and Preordainment, He would take away the sense of those who are intelligent.'

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, thus he did all those so as to safeguard himself from the Tartars. Thus Baghdad was sealed and mangonels and similar heavy weapons were placed in (strategic positions of the city); the weapons included those that could be used to prevent an attack from outside; weapons which however could not stop whatever Allâh the Mighty and Blessed might decree; as it has come in a narration:

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'Caution cannot prevent Allâh's Preordainment.'

And just as Allâh the Most High has said:

"Verily, the term of Allâh when it comes, cannot be delayed." [Nuh: 4].

From that moment, the Caliph ordered that the security should be more tightened; thus more coverings were brought over the house of the Caliph. By then, Hulaaku Khan had arrived with all his troops; they were about two hundred thousand fighters! Those were the fighters that came to Baghdad on 12th day of Muharram in the year. That became a thong in the throat of the Caliph; that was the matter which Allâh had decreed and had caused to be enforced and come to pass; that Hulaaku, when he first appeared at Hamdhaan on his advance against Iraq, the Wazir, Mu'ayyidudeen Muhammad bn Al-Alaqami, pointed to the Caliph that he should send some precious gifts to him so that that would dissuade Hulaaku from what he desired, the Caliph disregarded that advice and that was by the act of his younger Duwaidar (holder of king's ink), Aybak, among others; they said he should rather send small gifts. The Caliph did as the latter advised but the small gift sent to Hulaaku Khan was rejected by the latter; Hulaaku rather sent a message to the Caliph that he should send that his Duwaidar to him and another person by name Sulayman Shah. The Caliph did not send those two persons to him, and he did not care about the consequence of that until the arrival of Hulaaku was felt in Baghdad, such that he could enter Baghdad with his numerous troops who were infidels, transgressors, unjust people and oppressors; they did not believe in Allâh neither did they believe in (the coming of) the Day of Resurrection.

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The Tartars surrounded Baghdad from its western and eastern directions, the army of Baghdad was small (compared to the invading army) and it was on the peak of its weakness. The horsemen were not up to ten thousand men, and they were very weak; all that was from the scheming of the Wazir Ibn Al-Alaqami who was a Raafidi (a Shiite). That was because in the previous year when there was a severe civil war between the Shia and the Ahlus-Sunnah where the latter took the city of Al-Karakh, the stronghold of the Shia, such that they could still pillage the areas close to the district of the Wazir (Ibn Al-Alaqami), thus that made him to harbour a great evil against the Ahlus-Sunnah (who were being shielded by the Caliph) over that.

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Thus the arrival of the Tartars was an opportunity for him to deal with Islam and its people in the hideous event that took place in Baghdad whose like had not been written in the history of Baghdad till the present time. This was the reason that he was the first person to defect to the side of the Tartars; he went with the members of his family, followers, servants and retinue to meet the Sultân of the Tartars, Hulaku Khan, may Allâh curse him. Then he came back to advise the Caliph that he should go and meet Hulaaku to have a peace deal with him that half of the land tax of Iraq would go to them and the remaining half to the Caliph. The Caliph thus needed to go in company of seven hundred riders that included the judges, jurists, Sufis, heads of the Amirs and the state, and other important persons.

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When they were close to the residence of Sultân Hulaaku Khan, they (the Tartars) cut off all those people from the Caliph except seventeen persons, thus the Caliph was being shielded by these people, the rest of the people were brought down from their rides and they were looted and others among them were killed. The Caliph was brought face-to-face with Hulaaku who asked him about several things. It was said that the speech of the Caliph became muddled out of terror that he saw from the way he was despised and the show of power from Hulaaku.

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Then he went back to Baghdad in the company of his Khawwaj, Nâsirudeen At-Tuusi and Al-Wazir ibn Al-Alaqami and others beside the two. The Caliph was under wariness and subjugation. Thus many items were removed from the house of the Caliph; items such as gold, ornaments, jewelries and other precious things.

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The chiefs of the Shia and other hypocrites indicated to Hulaaku that he should not enter into a treaty with the Caliph. The Wazir said: 'If there is a treaty on half-share (of the land tax), then it should not continue beyond a year or two then the matter should go back to what it used to be.' Those people also induced him to kill the Caliph. So when Hulaaku arrived and he was afraid to kill the Caliph, the Wazir made the matter simple for him; thus they killed him by kicking him while he was put in a saddlebag so that his blood would not spill on the ground; they were afraid lest his remains would be taken as they were told. Some said the Caliph was rather strangled to death; some said he was drowned; Allâh knows better.

Thus they bore his inequity and the inequities of those that were with him among the scholars, judges, statesmen, rulers, Amirs, and stakeholders in the state affairs in his land. They also journeyed to all the lands and killed all those whom they could lay their hands on among men and women, children and aged ones, middle-aged and youths. None was free from their onslaught except the Dhimmis among the Jews, Christians and those who took refuge in them and in the house of the Wazir Ibn Al-Alaqami, the Raafidi, and in the abodes of a group of traders who got security from them (the attackers) after pledging a lot of wealth with which they bought their safety.

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Thus the city of Baghdad, after it was the most sought-after city, became a desolate place which had but few people, and the people that remained were in perpetual state of fear, hunger, ignominy and scarcity.

The Wazir, Ibn Al-Alaqami, before the happening had made an effort at removing the army and obliterating their names in the record. The number of troops towards the final years of Al-Mustansir were close to one hundred thousand fighters; there were those among them that were Amirs, kings, elder statesmen, etc; he never ceased in cutting them low until there remained just about ten thousand fighters. Then he wrote the Tartars and induced them on taking the city. All that effort from him was targeted at fighting the Sunnah altogether and that the heresy of the Shia would reign, and that the Caliph should come from the Fatimids; and that the scholars and Muftis (of the People of Sunnah) should be blotted out. But Allâh would ensure that His Wish is done; his plot was thrown back at him in his throat, he courted humiliation after he had become honourable; thus he was made a plaything in the hand of the Tartars after he was a Wazir to a number of caliphs of Islam.

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The like of what happened to the people of Baghdad was what happened to the children of Israel in Jerusalem; a number of them were killed and a good number others such as the righteous people and among the offspring of the prophets were killed; Jerusalem was destroyed after it used to be an abode of worship for worshippers, ascetics, learned people and prophets. Thus the city became crumbled on its throne.

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People differed as to the number of Muslims that were killed in the Baghdad carnage. Some said about eight hundred thousand Muslims, some said one million and eight hundred thousand Muslims. Some said the number of the people that were killed reached two million. Verily from Allâh we came and to him we shall return, and there is no power nor strength except by Allâh the Great and Mighty.

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The Tartars' entry into Baghdad took place towards the end of the month of Muharram, and its inhabitants were not ceased from being put to death by sword for about forty days

The murder of the Caliph, Al-Musta'sim Bi-Allâh, the Chief of the Believers, took place on 14th day of the month of Safar and was laid in his grave. His age at the time of his death was forty-six years and four months. The period of his reign lasted for fifteen years, eight months and some few days. His elder son, Abu Al-Abbass Ahmad, was killed alongside with him and he was twenty-five years old; also his middle son, Abu Al-Fadl AbdurRahman, was killed; he was twenty-three years old. As for his youngest son, Mubaarak and his three sisters – Faatimah, Khadijah and Maryam, they were all held as captives. Also some young ladies in the house of the Caliph close to one thousand virgins – as it was said – were taken as captives, Allâh knows better. Verily from Allâh we came and to Him we shall return

Also the benefactor of the household of the Caliph, Ash-Shaykh Muhydeen Yusuf the son of Ash-Shaykh Abu Al-Faraj bn Al-Jauzi was killed. He was an enemy of the Wazir. Also his three sons – Abdullah, AbdurRahman and AbdulKarim –were all put to death. So also were the elder statesmen; they were killed one after the other. Among them were Ad-Duwaidar the Young, Mujaahidudeen Aybak, Shihaabbudeen Sulayman Shah and a good other number of the Amirs and the elder people of the state.

The situation was such that each man in the family of the Caliph from the children of Al-Abbass would be called out alongside his children, women and slave girls, and he would be taken to the public grave where people were being killed, then in the glare of everybody he would be slaughtered the way a goat is slaughtered, and those whom they liked among his daughters and slaves would be held as captives.

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The leading Shaykh, Sadrudeen Aliyy bn An-Niyaar, who was the trainer of the Caliph, was also killed. And a number of Khatibs, scholars and people of the Qur'aan were killed.

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The mosques (of Baghdad) were sacked; there were no observance of Congregational Prayers and Jum'ahs for months in Baghdad. The Wazir, Ibn Al-Alaqamani, may Allâh cause him disgrace and may He curse him, had wanted to sack the mosques, institutes and religious centres in Baghdad and that mausoleums and Shia sites should remain. He also wanted that a magnificent institute be built for the Shia where their thought and symbol would be promoted; but Allâh the Most High did not decree that that should come to pass, rather Allâh decreed that his splendour be removed and that his lifetime be shattered few years after the event of the Tartars. His child was made to follow him to the deepest part of the hell. Allâh knows better.

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The forty days passed and Baghdad remained in ruins; corpses lay on the streets as if they were hills. There was a rain on the corpses, thus their forms changed and the city was filled with the odour of the corpses. The air of the city changed and that ignited a severe epidemic such that it journeyed fast to Shaam. The epidemic caused death to many people; thus the people became afflicted with an invasion, an epidemic, extinction, a transfixion, and cholera. Verily from Allâh we came and to Him we shall return.

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The invading Sultân Hulaaku Khan left Baghdad in Jumaadal-Uula of the year for the headquarters of his power; he relinquished control of Baghdad to Amir Aliyy Bahaadur, he also handed over the affairs of the police to him and to Al-Wazir Ibn Al-Alaqami, but Allâh did not give him the respite nor did He make him to tarry long, rather He seized him in the most severe way.

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In the beginning of Jumadal-Aakhirah year 663; then he had honour in composition and literature but he was a dirty Shia and a Raafidi to the skin. That was when he died while making effort and in sorrow, sadness and regret. It was his son, Izzudeen bn Al-Fadl Muhammad that became the Wazir after him, but he was made to follow his father by the end of the year.